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"PP21D-03"

HR: 08:30h
AN: PP21D-03
TI: Inter-Decadal to Multi-Decadal Sea Surface Temperature Variability in the Southwest Tropical Pacific Since AD 1648
AU: * DeLong, K L
EM: kdelong@usgs.gov
AF: U.S. Geological Survey, 600 4th St. S., St. Petersburg, FL 33701, United States
AU: Quinn, T M
AF: Dept. of Geological Sciences, Jackson School of Geosciences, Univ. of Texas at Austin, 1 Univ. Station C1100, Austin, TX 78712, United States
AU: Quinn, T M
AF: Institute for Geophysics, Jackson School of Geosciences, Univ. of Texas at Austin, 4412 Spicewood Springs Rd., Austin, TX 78759, United States
AU: Taylor, F W
AF: Institute for Geophysics, Jackson School of Geosciences, Univ. of Texas at Austin, 4412 Spicewood Springs Rd., Austin, TX 78759, United States
AU: Lin, K
AF: Dept. of Geosciences, National Taiwan Univ., No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
AU: Shen, C
AF: Dept. of Geosciences, National Taiwan Univ., No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
AB: The southwest tropical Pacific is a region with temporally and spatially sparse sea surface temperature (SST) records that limit investigations of climate variability on interannual to centennial time scales for this region. We present a monthly resolved coral Sr/Ca record from 1648 to 1999 from Amédée Island, New Caledonia (22.48°S, 166.47°E), and reconstruct SST variability in the southwest Pacific for the past 350 years. The coral Sr/Ca record was assembled from two 3-m long coeval cores from the same massive Porites lutea coral colony. The chronology is based on annual density-band counting, cross- correlation of the two intracolony coral Sr/Ca records, and 11 ²³⁰Th dates with 2σ precision of ±1.1 to 16.5 years. The intracolony coral Sr/Ca variations are reproducible for more than three centuries (average monthly misfit error = ±0.015 mmol/mol; ~0.28°C), and the intracolony variations are coherent from interannual to centennial periodicities. The SST reconstructed from coral Sr/Ca shows a cooling trend from AD 1740 to 1815, a cold 19th century (~0.6°C with respect to AD 1967 to 1992), followed by a warming trend into the 20th century. Many of the cold events in the coral Sr/Ca record coincide with large volcanic eruptions (e.g., Tambora AD 1815 and Krakatau AD 1883). Spectral analysis reveals the record is dominated by modulating inter-decadal (14 to 21 years) periodicities and quasi-persistent multi-decadal (24 to 38 years) periodicities that do not exhibit coherence with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) or the Inter-decadal Pacific Oscillation (IPO). Wavelet analysis reveals that the inter-decadal periodicities coincide with large volcanic eruptions, and the 55- to 70-year periodicities are coeval with volcanic cooling and warming trends in the 19th and 20th centuries. The multi-decadal periodicities may be a harmonic of the modulating inter-decadal periodicities or may represent an independent mode not previously recognized in the southwest Pacific.
DE: 1616 Climate variability (1635, 3305, 3309, 4215, 4513)
DE: 4513 Decadal ocean variability (1616, 1635, 3305, 4215)
DE: 4900 PALEOCEANOGRAPHY (0473, 3344)
DE: 4916 Corals (4220)
DE: 4954 Sea surface temperature
SC: Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology [PP]
MN: 2008 Fall Meeting